2、源码安装MYSQL5.7.21

1.准备源码包

Mysql5.7版本，需呀boost库，boost库下载地址： https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/

mysql官网地址： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ ----> Archives

mkdir download && cd download/
wget https://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.21.tar.gz

2.准备需要目录

# 创建 MYSQL 启动用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql


# MYSQL 存放日志
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/

# MYSQL sock 文件目录
mkdir /var/lib/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/

# MYSQL 数据存放位置
mkdir /data/mysql -p

3.安装依赖包

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel cmake

4.编译 MYSQL

tar -vxzf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost_1_59_0


tar -vxzf mysql-5.7.21.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.7.21

# 编译
cmake . \
 -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0 \
 -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all

cpuNum=$(cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep processor |wc -l)
make -j${cpuNum} && make install 

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX：mysql安装目录 -DMYSQL_DATADIR：数据存放目录 -DWITH_BOOST：boost源码路径 -DSYSCONFDIR：my.cnf配置文件目录 -DEFAULT_CHARSET：数据库默认字符编码 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION：默认排序规则 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE：允许从本文件导入数据 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS：安装所有字符集 更多参数： http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-options.html#cmake-general-options

5. 修改/etc/my.cnf文件和/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf文件

1）修改/etc/my.cnf文件

### /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

#指定server端字符集
character-set-server = utf8 
collation-server = utf8_general_ci

# 解决问题：TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true

# mysql程序安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql

# mysql数据文件目录
datadir=/data/mysql

pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid
log_error = /data/mysql/mysql-error.log

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.
# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,
# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the
# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

#更改字符集为utf-8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

2）修改/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf文件

###  /etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf
#
# These groups are read by MariaDB command-line tools
# Use it for options that affect only one utility
#

# 在配置文件中添加“[client]”选项和“[mysql]”选项
# 并使用这两个选项下的“socket”参数值，与“[mysqld]”选项下的“socket”参数值，指向的socket文件路径完全一致
# 解决问题： connect to local MySQL server through socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysql_upgrade]
[mysqladmin]
[mysqlbinlog]
[mysqlcheck]
[mysqldump]
[mysqlimport]
[mysqlshow]
[mysqlslap]

6.初始化数据库并将mysql加入系统服务

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
#两种方式任选一种
#（1）不生成root密码
#./mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql  

#（2）生成root随机密码，在/data/mysql/mysql-error.log文件中 
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql


cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql 
chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysql on
service mysql start

7.登录mysql, 并修改密码

echo "PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH" >> /etc/profile
echo "export PATH" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

# 获取初始密码
cat /data/mysql/mysql-error.log | grep password 


mysql> set password=password('123654');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

参考：https://www.jianshu.com/p/41ac166ef477