# 基于Alpine构建php7+nginx(1)

什么是Alpine？

　　Alpine 是一个基于musl libc和busybox的面向安全性的轻量级Linux发行版。简单来说就是一个精简的linux系统。最新的3.11.6标准版本安装包只有120M左右。

为什么基于Alpine构建我们的docker环境呢？

　　基于docker的部署方式给运维工作带来了极大的便利，但是镜像的大小有时候影响了部署的速度。基于apline构建的镜像可以明显减小镜像的存储占用。方便拷贝和下载。

如何快速构建镜像：

　　一般的web项目都是lnmp方式部署。但是考虑到数据独立存储。我在镜像中只集成了php73 和 nginx.

先写个启动脚本 run.sh，内容如下：

```bash
#!/bin/sh
mkdir -p /run/nginx
/usr/sbin/nginx
/usr/sbin/php-fpm7
tail -f /etc/hosts
```

再将如下内容复制到Dockerfile中，跟run.sh 放在一起。

```bash
FROM alpine:3.11
COPY run.sh /
 
RUN cd / && \
    sed -i 's/dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apk/repositories && \
    apk update  && \
    apk --no-cache add  curl  openssh bash libxml2-dev openssl-dev libjpeg-turbo-dev libpng-dev libxpm-dev freetype-dev gd-dev gettext-dev libmcrypt-dev  && \
    addgroup www  && \
    adduser -G www -D -s /sbin/nologin www  && \
    apk --no-cache add nginx && \
    apk --no-cache add php7 php7-fpm php7-opcache php7-curl php7-gd php7-mbstring php7-mysqli php7-json php7-mcrypt php7-redis php7-pdo  redis  && \
    rm -rf  /var/cache/apk/* && \
    chmod +x /run.sh
EXPOSE  80
ENTRYPOINT ["/run.sh"]
#CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
 
```

然后执行命令

```bash
docker build -t alpine-php7.3.22-nginx1.16.1:v1 .
```

```bash
docker run  --rm --name test  alpine-php7.3.22-nginx1.16.1:v1
```

最终效果

![](/files/VgxZQ5r1F8QCoV5V3hf2)

至此，php-fpm和nginx都已启动。

可以将自己php和nginx的配置文件映射至容器的如下两个目录

> /etc/php7/php.ini
>
> /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

如果线上使用，最好在Dockerfile中指定安装的php和nginx版本。并经过运维的审核。


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